2008/02/19

Daikoku Ten

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. hashiri Daikoku 走り大黒 / 波之利大黒天 .
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Daikoku Ten 大黒天
The Shinto version is written with a different character
大国 Okuninushi

DAIKOKU, DAIKOKU-TEN (Sanskrit = Mahakala)
MAKAKARA, MAKIAKARA-TEN
Name literally means "Great Black Deva"

One of the Seven Gods of Good Luck.

Details are here
Mark Schumacher


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sanmen Daikoku 三面大黒 Daikoku with three faces and six arms

The left face is of Bishamonten 毘沙門天 (Vaisravana),
the right face is of Benzaiten 弁才天 (Sarasvati).

。Japanese Reference .



source : www.sendai-shichifukujin.com
秀林寺 Shurin-Ji - Sendai


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He is often seen in combination with Ebisu, Deity of the Fishermen

. Ebisu えびす 恵比寿  .




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kigo for the New Year

hatsu Daikoku 初大黒(はつだいこく)
first Daikoku ceremony


hatsu ki no e ne, hatsu kinoene 初甲子 (はつきのえね)
first day of the rat and the element water
..... hatsu kasshi 初甲子(はつかっし)


The rat (mouse) is closely related to Daikoku.
She is the zodiac sign of midnight and the north, and on the day of the rat a ritual offering of 100 black beans is given to Daikoku.
. Rat and Water day ...  
Rituals for Sun Waiting



. WKD : New Year Ceremonies

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observance kigo for mid-winter

Daikoku matsuri 大黒祭(だいこくまつり)
Daikoku festival
nematsuri, ne matsuri 子祭 (ねまつり) Rat/Mouse festival



futamata daikon 二股大根(ふたまただいこん)
bifurcated radish
yome daikon 嫁大根(よめだいこん)"radish like a bride"

tooshin uri 燈心売(とうしんうり)vendors of wicks
netooshin 子燈心(ねとうしん) wick sold on th day of the rat

Festival in the month of the rat (lunar 11th month) on the day of the rat, esp. kinoe ne rat.
Many people used tofu and bifurcated radish as an offering.
If you bought a wick for an oil lamp on this day, you will become rich during the year.

Some regions in Kyushu celebrate Daikoku on the next day, day of the ox and the day of the rat is the day of "Daikoku taking a bride".



Sometimes Daikoku is shown with a large radish mikoshi, pulled by mice.

Daikoku represents the male, the bifurcated radish the female body and both are depicted together in prayers for fertility, having many children and keep the family line going.
Simple ema votive tablets were also offered at temples of Daikoku sama.


Otoshime 乙しめ Pricess Otohime, played by 坂東三津五郎 Bandō Mitsugorō, and
Issun'boshi Daikoku 一寸ほし大黒 One-Inch Boy Daikoku played by 市川小団次 Ichikawa Kodanji, 1864.
Utagawa Kunisada II


. Radish, Reddish, daikon 大根   


One artist making Daikoku : 瑞陶園
. . . CLICK here for more Photos !

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source : www31.ocn.ne.jp/~suiteki/0358.html

Mizusashi 水滴 water dripper

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CLICK for more photos CLICK for more votive tables

two-pronged radish 大黒天 二股大根




ema 大黒天 絵馬 votive tablets with Daikoku





Daikoku dorei 大黒天  土鈴 clay bell




from Izumo

Daikoku hariko 大黒天 張子 papermachee dolls

Click the photos for more illustrations.


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. Nishio ningyoo 西尾人形 Nishio Dolls .
Nagoya, Aichi


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CLICK for more photos
He is one of the
Seven Gods of Good Luck (shichi fukujin)
Daruma Museum: 七福神

Daikoku is considered to be the god of wealth, or of the household, particularly the kitchen. He is recognised by his wide face, smile, and a flat black hat. He is often portrayed holding a golden mallet, seated on bales of rice, with mice nearby (mice signify plentiful food).

The strongest pillar in a home is called the "Pillar of Daikoku", daikokubashira 大黒柱.
The wife of a priest also is called "Daikoku sama" 大黒さま.


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Papermachee Daruma Dolls from Tama


© hisamaro




© popyah: 多摩大黒達磨


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Made by Kamehachi 亀八 from Shuuchi gun Mori choo 周智郡森町 (Aichi)
His real name was Muramatsu Shin-ichi 村松新一.
Daikoku stands on two rice barrels and has rather large ears.
Therefore it is also called
mimitsuki Daruma 耳つきだるま Daruma Daikoku with large ears

Often also listed as a figure from Shizuoka.
Kamehachi also made figures of Mori no Ishimatsu.

. Folk Toys from Aichi .

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© PHOTO : だるまさん色々

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. Usagi Daikoku 兎大黒 and Rabbit Toys .


. Lucky Mouse and Daikoku
福ねずみ fuku nezumi .




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Daikoku Daruma from Okuni Shrine
小国神社 大黒だるま

- reference source : okunijinja.or.jp -


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by Tosa Mitsufumi (Mitsubumi)


uchide no kozuchi 打ち出の小槌 hammer of Daikoku.
the mallet of good luck

fuku kozuchi 福小槌 lucky hammer, mallet of Daikoku

. fuku kozuchi 福小槌 lucky mallet art motives .

. Daikoku and Ebisu 大黒と恵比寿 art motives .


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Little Daruma and Little Daikoku

CLICK for more photos

Little Daruma and Little Daikoku
By Satoshi Kako

More books about Daruma and his little friends.

だるまちゃんとかみなりちゃん Kaminari-chan, the Thunder Boy
だるまちゃんととらのこちゃん Tora, the little Tiger
だるまちゃんとだいこくちゃん Daikoku, the God of Good Luck
加古 里子 Kako Satoshi
http://www.ne.jp/asahi/home/oshima/Daruma.htm


Little Daruma and Little Tengu
Daruma Museum

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Okuni-Nushi no Mikoto (ookuninushi) 大国主命
was the most important deity, revered at the grand shrine of Izumo, Izumo Taisha 出雲大社.
Okuni-Nushi is also known as the god of happiness and marriage. In this respect, he is equivalent to the Buddhist Deity of Daikoku-Sama 大黒、大国.

Gods are absent (kami no rusu) and Haiku

. Izumo Taisha 出雲大社 Izumo Grand Shrine .


. Daikoku zukin 大黒頭巾(だいこくずきん) hood like Daikoku
kigo for all winter

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aburakake Daikoku, abura kake  油掛大黒 / 油かけ大黒天
if you pour oil over this Daikokuten, he will bring you good luck.


source : hundred390.rssing.com
at the temple 身延別院 Minobu Betsuin in Tokyo
Nihombashi Kodemmacho 3-2,Chuo-ku,

There are other statues of this type in Japan.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- reference : 油掛大黒天 -


. aburakake Jizo  油懸地蔵 .

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Daikokuten (Mahaakaala, Mahakala)

Wahrscheinlich japanische Version der hinduistischen Gottheit Shiva.
Andere Bezeichnung: Kara-Ten, Maha Kara-Ten. Kara bedeutet schwarz, daher in Japan Daikoku "Großer Schwarzer Ten". Älteste Statuen mit furchterregendem Gesichtsausdruck als Schutzgottheit der Religion. Später als Gott für Essen und Trinken wurde er in der Küche über dem Herd plaziert und immer schwarz vom Ruß, daher vieleicht auch "Großer Schwarzer Ten."

Auch als Gott für Kriegsglück sowie Glück und Tugend verehrt. In Lagerhallen und in der Küche von Tempeln verehrt, daher auch die Bezeichnung "Daikoku-Säule" (daikokubashira) für die tragende Säule eines Hauses. In der Muromachi-Zeit wurden mehr Felder angelegt und mehr Reis angebaut, daher auch ein freundlich lächelnder Daikoku auf Reisballen stehend und einen Hammer schwingend. Mit dem Hammer wird das Stroh geklopft, um daraus Sandalen und allerlei nützliche Gegenstände zu flechten. Viele Sandalen, gutes Geschäft, also Gott des Reichtums und eines blühenden Geschäftes.
Seit der Muromachi-Zeit wurden Daikoku, Bishamon und Benten als drei Inkarnationen der gleichen Gottheit angesehen. Steinfiguren in den Feldern, denen heute noch lange gegabelte Rettiche geopfert werden.

Ikonografie:

Trägt eine Entenmuschel-Mütze (eboshi).
Ursprünglich als Kriegsgott mit schwarzer Hautfarbe; drei Köpfe und sechs Arme, mit furchterregendem Gesichtsausdruck. Steht auf einem Lotusblätter-Sockel.

Später seit der Heian-Zeit mit einem oder drei Köpfen und zwei Armen. Wenn die Köpfe nebeneinander nach vorne gerichtet angeordnet sind, wirkt die Statue besonders breit und untersetzt. [gesehen im Mampukuji, Kamakura]. In dieser Form seit der Muromachi-Zeit einer der sieben Glücksgötter. Steht auf zwei Reisballen. Trägt Reisbündel oder Glückshorn, aus dem er Wohlstand spendet. In der erhobenen Hand einen Hammer. Trägt einen Sack auf dem Rücken. Manchmal Mäuse neben der Statue.

Japanische Gottheit Ookuninushi no Mikoto entspricht Daikokuten (Daikokujin). (Ookuninushi brachte den Reisanbau nach Japan.)
Oder sitzende Figur, mit einem Geldsack auf dem Schoß. Ein Bein herunterhängend.

Zusammen mit Ebisu als Doppelfigur.
Gruppe mit Daikokuten in der Mitte und den anderen sechs Glücksgöttern drumherum: Daikoku Mandala 大黒曼陀羅, 大黒曼荼羅.

© Gabi Greve
Buddhastatuen (Buddha statues) Who is Who
Ein Wegweiser zur Ikonografie von japanischen Buddhastatuen


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. uma-nori Daikoku 馬乗り大黒 God Daikoku on a horse .
Yamagata, Sakata town, Tsuruoka town - papermachee doll

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Statue of Daikoku at
. Arima Tosen Shrine 有馬 湯泉神社 Toosen Jinja .


. WKD : New Year Ceremonies

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Daikoku Menkeki Neko

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. kotowaza 諺 / ことわざ idioms, sayings, proverbs - ABC-List .

ishibiri 石びり someone stingy, stinginess

xx-biri (hiru ひる) means to loose excrements and dribble urine.
Once upon a time, someone asked Daikoku sama to HIRU some gold and silver for him. But Daikoku only dribbled stones to the man.


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. hashiri Daikoku 走り大黒 / 波之利大黒天 .
running Daikoku Ten / walking Daikoku at Nikko

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16 comments:

Gabi Greve - Enku said...

Daikoku Ten 大黒天

carved by
Enku 円空 

Gabi Greve said...

fugu nori Daikoku ふぐ乗り大黒
Daikoku on a fugu puffer fish

If you eat a puffer fish, the poison might kill you. (fugu ni ataru.)
This is a pun with fuku ni ataru 福に当たる大黒, to be lucky when you meet Daikoku.

This doll brings luck to the merchants.
This is the only clay doll with this combination.

Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Matsushima Jinja 松島神社
2-15-2 Nihonbashi-Ningyocho, Chuo, Tokyo

Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Daikoku Sha 大国社 - Yano no Gongen 与野のごんげん
埼玉県さいたま市(旧与野市)- Saitama

The torii gate is placed on high podests, to imitate the high geta of the mountain ascetics.

Daikoku is seen as a wanderer thoughout Japan, and straw sandals are hung at the gate.
Not only for strong legs, but for a strong "base and fundament" in our lives.

Deity for strong legs
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Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

tawara nezumi 俵ねずみ mouse on a straw bag (filled with rice)
as messenger of Daikoku

as a tsurushibina doll

Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Tofu legend from Fukushima 福島県
三春町 Miharu

On the day 甲子 KINOE you can prepare all kinds of food, but Tofu has to be one of it.

Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Yamagata
Shōnai 山形 - 庄内 - 伝説 Shonai Yamagata Legends

In the village of 大広 Daiko on the 9th day of the 12th lunar month, the deity Daikoku gets one year older, it is his birthday.
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Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Daikoku Ten 大黒天 with rice bales

Inabata ningyoo, Inahata 稲畑人形 Inabata dolls


Tanba 丹波 / 旦波
Hyogo Folk Art - 兵庫県 
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Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Kobayashi Issa

もちつくや棚の大黒にこにこと
mochi tsuki ya tana no daikoku niko-niko to

pounding rice cakes--
the altar's god of wealth
beams a smile


Tr. David Lanoue

Gabi Greve said...

daikokubashira
legend from Niigata 新潟県

In former times, the 蛇 serpent, the 蛙 frog and the 大なめくじ large slug called Yamada no hime 山田の姫 "Princess of Yamada".
If one of these monsters hides under the main pillar of a home (daikokubashira 大黒柱), the daughter of the home will heal from her illness. This tale has helped many families.
.
http://happyhaiku.blogspot.jp/2012/07/hute-snail-visitor.html
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and 25 legends in the nichibun yokai database
http://www.nichibun.ac.jp/cgi-bin/YoukaiDB2/namazu.cgi?query=%C2%E7%B9%F5%C3%EC&submit=%B8%A1%BA%F7&whence=0&max=20&sort=score
.


Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Tokyo Gofunai 76

- 蓮華山 Rengezan 金剛院 Kongo-In 仏性寺 Bussho-Ji
豊島区長崎1-9-2 /Toshima ward, Nagasaki 1-9-2
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Sanmen Daikoku-Ten 金剛院 三面大黒天 Daikoku with three faces
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https://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.jp/2017/04/gofunai-temples-76-and-77.html
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Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami, God of the Fields
is seen as an incarnation of Daikoku sama.
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https://japanshrinestemples.blogspot.jp/2017/08/ta-no-kami-legends.html
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Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Miyazaki 宮崎県 .....
西臼杵郡 Nishi-Usuki district 鞍岡町 Kuraoka

Daikoku Sama 大黒様 is seen as 作神様 Sakugami Sama, the Harvest Deity.
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https://japanshrinestemples.blogspot.jp/2017/08/tanokami-shanichi-day-of-shrine.html
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Gabi Greve - Darumapedia said...

Daikoku by
Kuboishiki ningyoo 久保一色人形 Kuboishik dolls

Made in 小牧市久保一色 Kuboishiki village, Komaki town.
Made by 仙田市兵衛 Senta Ichibei and his son 佐太郎 Sataro.
Also called Ichibei-bina 市兵衛雛 dolls made by Ichibei.
They became extinct after WWII.
https://omamorifromjapan.blogspot.com/2011/07/aichi-folk-toys.html
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Gabi Greve said...

The 7 Propitious Gods: The Big Black One – Daikoku 大黒
Some say that Daikoku is the most loved of the 7 Propitious Gods. He is jovial, plays with children, bestows gifts and good fortune, fathered a child, loves the ladies – especially those of the night – and is an all-around good guy. But that is only the common perception. He has darker past, a more complex history and personality. In ancient India he was known as Mahākāla. He became one of the most wrathful gods of tantric Buddhism.

Mahākāla
,,, article with many photos
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https://printsofjapan.wordpress.com/2014/10/30/the-7-propitious-gods-the-big-black-one-daikoku-%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%92/
Vegder's Blog
.

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Gabi Greve said...

Shimonoseki 国分寺 Kokubun-Ji - Nabe town
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In the compound is abura-kake Daikoku 油かけ大黒 Daikoku to pour oil over his head.
It was most probably erected by 篤志家 the Atsushi family around 1965.
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https://gokurakuparadies.blogspot.com/2022/01/kokubunji-fudo-nabe.html
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